Guide
Emergency lighting is strongly associated with some standards and regulations. In a nutshell, the field can be divided into five groups:
-laws and regulations
-regulations on accident prevention
-- European guidelines
-- Electrical technical standards
-- Optical technical standards
Only optical technical standards will be discussed below in this article.
1 optical technical standard
1.1 Emergency lighting
Both ISO (International Organization for Standardization) and CIE (International Illumination Committee) implement international optical technical standards. At a CIE conference held in Warsaw in 1999, a new TC 5-19 emergency lighting committee was established in the division.
CEN is the European Commission for "non-electrical standards". The subject of the TC 169Technical Committee is "Light and Lighting". In Germany until 1999, emergency lighting was still applicable to indoor lighting DIN 5035 part 5. Only in June of the same year did the emergency lighting DIN EN 1838, which applied optical technology, replace DIN 5035-5. The EN1838 European standard is only equivalent to a German standard. As for the problem dealt with in this standard is the optical technology in DIN
(FNL) FNL 16 (Emergency Lighting) in the Standards Committee
The content of this standard is equivalent to the European standard EN 1838. The standard EN 1883 is in the "Emergency Lighting" working Group of CEN/TC 169,
3. Developed with the participation of experts from FNL 16. This standard includes some provisions for emergency lighting.
In Germany, except for this standard. In the Labor Protection Law, in the accident Prevention Law, the corresponding provisions are made in the Monitoring Law of the equipment to be monitored as well as in the Construction Law.
1.2 Life-saving passage sign
International provisions relating to this subject relate to ISO 3864. In Germany, the relevant safety marks apply to DIN 4844 part 3. The supplementary provisions can be found in DIN 484 parts 1. And 2. The relevant safety sign regulations are also given in the accident Prevention rules VBG 125. This accident prevention rule was used as an alternative to the minimum requirements for safety and / or health protection in the workplace in the German Parliament on June 13, 1992. It was published on August 26th in the form of a separate page of the Nr.L245/23 organ of the European Community.
1.3 safe channel boot system
When people lose their orientation due to dense smoke, or when there is a danger that the life-saving passageway and exit marked in advance cannot be identified, the safe passage guidance system installed near the ground has obvious advantages. People can be divided into electric drive system and light storage system. The electric drive system is generally more eye-catching than the light storage system because of its higher optical technical value. The safe channel guidance system can only be used as a supplement to emergency lighting or general lighting.
Internationally, these optical technical requirements are dealt with in ISO/TC 145/SC 2/WG3 documents. In Germany, the document FNL.15 security system is applied to this subject.
2 Standard EN 1838
2.1 introduction
This standard applies as an equivalent text to the following 19 CEN countries: Bilis, Denmark, Germany, Finland, France, Greece, Ireland, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Austria, Portugal, Sweden, Switzerland, Spain, Czech Republic, United Kingdom.
With regard to section 118a of the Treaty of EG, this standard contains the following preamble: "users of European standards established within the scope of application of Chapter 118a of the Treaty of EG should be aware that there is no formal legal link between this standard and the regulations published under the ll8a section of the Treaty of EG. In addition it is allowed to define beyond the minimum requirements set out in section l18a through the national legislation of member States. The relationship between national legislation converted by chapter ll8a guidelines and existing European standards can be proposed in the national preface to national standards replaced by existing European standards. "
2.2 Division-concept
The reference here is similar to the emergency lighting of part 5 of DIN5035. Emergency lighting is again divided into safety lighting and alternative lighting. Safety lighting is part of emergency lighting that allows people to safely leave a room, a building, or make it possible for people to end a potentially dangerous workflow.
The purpose of alternative lighting is to enable the necessary activities to continue basically unchanged. Safety lighting can be subdivided into safety lighting for life-saving passageways, anti-panic lighting, and safety lighting for work locations with special hazards. Anti-panic lighting is new. Anti-panic lighting is understood as 1 it is part of safety lighting. It should be used to prevent panic. It helps people get to a location from which people can confidently identify life-saving routes.
2.3 Safety lighting for life-saving passageways
The tasks of safety lighting for life-saving means include:
One is the lighting of life-saving passageways.
The second is to illuminate the sign showing the life-saving passageway.
The lamps and lanterns of the life-saving passage should be installed at least 2m above the ground.
The following criteria should be followed when determining the installation location of lamps and lanterns:
-each door at the exit to be used in an emergency must be illuminated:
The distance between the lamps and lanterns is up to 2m, so that each step is directly illuminated.
The maximum distance between the lamps and lanterns from each horizontal change is 2m
Emergency exits and safety signs marked beforehand must be illuminated
-- at every change of direction
Must be illuminated at the intersection of aisles or aisles
-- the maximum distance from the exit or exit of the lamp is 2m.
Lamps and lanterns are up to 2m from each first aid station
The maximum distance between the lamps and lanterns from the storage place of fire fighting appliances or alarm facilities is 2m.
The most important optical technical requirements for safety lighting of life-saving channels are:
Minimum illuminance-illuminance Emin=1 Ix; uniformity along the center line of the channel on the ground-Emax/Emin~ along the center line of the channel
